in De Jong and Van Jooligen 2008, the authors mentioned mainly two types of models: (a) computer models and (b) external models.
To my understanding, computer models that they mentioned is the simulation that the learners may observe and manipulate. They are black boxes. The learners need to observe their input and output value in order to predict its behavior and its inner structure. The external model that the authors mentioned, to me, is the externalized mental representation of the computer model. The learners have had some ideas (the mental representation, or mental model) about its internal mechanics after interacting with the computer model, then they need to externalize it as an external model, and then to amend it in order to imitate the original model's behavior.
Other types of models that were mentioned are domain models, which are generally agreed upon by researchers working in these domains, and individual models, external or internal (mental models), owned by individuals. The purpose of scientific practice lies in adapting individual modes to align with domain models.
While models belong to the category of learning theories, inquiry learning belongs to learning approach.
Learning from models, learning by modeling and a combination of the two are the three approaches advocated by the authors. As the first two were discussed in the reflective journal of Milrad, Spector & Davidsen, I will not repeat here.
Tuesday, February 24, 2009
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